HomeMy WebLinkAboutCU Student Report Examination of Fire Protection Alternatives 2009An Examination of Alternatives to
Ithaca’s Fire Protection System
Presented by Chandra S. Ghosal
CIPA Public Service Exchange
May 8, 2009
The Current Situation
⚫Unlike cities and villages, towns are not obligated to
directly provide fire protection services to its citizens
⚫The Town of Ithaca currently utilizes both the Village of
Cayuga Heights and the City of Ithaca to provide fire
protection for the Town of Ithaca Fire Protection District
⚫The costs of this protection has been steadily increasing
from year to year
Risings Costs of Fire Protection
⚫The total cost of fire protection has been increasing
steadily over the life of the contract
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Modified Budget 2,447,358.69 2,537,443.84 2,757,000.00 2,908,758.55 3,231,487.88
Percent Change -3.68%8.65%5.50%11.10%
Expended Budget 2,447,358.69 2,537,443.84 2,404,091.93 2,908,758.55 3,231,487.88
Percent Change -3.68%-5.26%20.99%11.10%
Town of Ithaca
Fire Protection Fund
Detail of Expenditures
Risings Costs of Fire Protection (cont’d)
⚫A portion of the increase in expenses can be attributed to
the contract with Cayuga Heights
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Modified Budget 144,640.00 188,475.00 155,000.00 170,737.00 175,998.00
Percent Change -30.31%-17.76%10.15%3.08%
Expended Budget 144,640.00 188,475.00 155,000.00 170,737.00 175,998.00
Percent Change -30.31%-17.76%10.15%3.08%
Town of Ithaca
Fire Protection Fund
Detail of Expenditures for the Village of Cayuga Heights Contract
Risings Costs of Fire Protection (cont’d)
⚫The vast majority of the expenses are a result of the
increases in the contract with the City of Ithaca
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Modified Budget 2,284,555.48 2,329,914.08 2,582,000.00 2,715,605.02 3,051,601.63
Percent Change -1.99%10.82%5.17%12.37%
Expended Budget 2,284,555.48 2,329,914.08 2,230,461.61 2,715,605.02 3,051,601.63
Percent Change -1.99%-4.27%21.75%12.37%
Town of Ithaca
Fire Protection Fund
Detail of Expenditures for the City Contract
Composition of the Fire Departments
⚫The City of Ithaca currently utilizes 67 career (full time
paid) fire fighters and 12 volunteers
⚫The Village of Cayuga Heights utilizes a department
staffed entirely by volunteers, most of whom are Cornell
University students
Composition of the Fire Departments (Cont’d)
Type of Fire
Department
Number of
Volunteers
Number of
Career
Number of
Stations
Brooktondale Volunteer Fire Department Volunteer 22 0 1
Cayuga Heights Fire Department Volunteer 50 0 1
Enfield Volunteer Fire Company Volunteer 43 0 1
Etna Volunteer Fire Company Volunteer 15 0 1
Freeville Fire Department Volunteer 54 0 1
Groton Fire Department Volunteer 90 0 1
Ithaca Fire Department Mostly Career 12 67 4
Lansing Fire Department Volunteer 54 0 1
McLean Fire Department Volunteer 30 0 1
Neptune House Company of Dryden Volunteer 60 0 1
Newfield Fire Company Volunteer 38 0 1
Trumansburg Fire Department Volunteer 50 0 1
Varna Volunteer Fire Company Volunteer Data not available
City of Cortland Fire Department*Mostly Career 35 30 2
*City of Cortland Fire Department is located in Cortland County but was included on this table because
its Fire Chief was interviewed in the study
Trends in Volunteerism
⚫The number of volunteer fire fighters has decreased by
nearly 15,000 over the last two decades
⚫The City of Ithaca began to utilize far fewer volunteers
over the last thirty years decreasing from a force of 350 in
1977 to 12 in 2009
What Can be Done?
⚫The scope of this study was limited to investigate four
scenarios:
–Implement a fully volunteer department
–Implement a combination department
–Implement a fully paid department
–Utilize other neighboring municipalities
Recommendation
⚫Coordinate with Ithaca College in order to generate
interest in a new bunker program
⚫Invest in upgrading the residential facilities in Fire Houses
No.’s 5 and 6 to accommodate potential bunkers
⚫Allow bunkers to train under current career staff and allow
for the bunkers to take on more responsibilities as current
staff retires
⚫Reassign a current administrative employee to serve the
role as Volunteer Recruitment Coordinator
Recommendation (cont’d)
⚫The Insurance Services Office (ISO) currently suggests
that four volunteer staff can typically do the work of one
career staff
⚫Interviews suggested that this ratio is closer to 10 to one
⚫The reason for this is the amount of time that a volunteer
is available to respond to calls
⚫A bunker system where volunteers live in the station will
increase their value as a volunteer and greatly reduce
this ratio
Recommendation (cont’d)
⚫Upgrading the facilities in Fire Houses No.’s 5 and 6 will
entice volunteers into the bunker program
⚫An environment where volunteers like to spend their free
time will further compound their value to the station
because their hours of availability will increase
⚫A successful bunker program will help to garner more
interest in volunteerism in the local community
Recommendation (cont’d)
⚫Given the political nature of this issue, it is likely
impossible to incentivize the Ithaca Fire Department to
downsize any fire fighters
⚫The current well trained career fire fighters can help to
proficiently train the bunkers volunteering in the
department
⚫As career fire fighters begin to retire, the need to replace
them will be greatly reduced given the presence of
bunkers
Recommendation (cont’d)
⚫Historically, the City of Ithaca had as much as 35 bunkers
in its system
⚫Because of the increased time a bunker will devote to
volunteer duties, his effectiveness may increase to the
point where two bunkers can take the place of one career
fire fighter
⚫The average salary for a fire fighter is near $50,000
⚫If over time the bunker system runs at full capacity, up to
17 career fire fighters can retire before the City would
need to replace them
⚫This results in a potential savings of $850,000
Justification
⚫Given the steady decline in volunteer numbers in recent
years, the likelihood of fielding sufficient volunteers to
staff the volume of calls faced by the Town is unlikely
⚫Implementing our own fully paid fire department would
likely result in immediate capital outlays to fund
equipment buyout, staff recruitment as well as retention
⚫According to conversations with local Fire Chiefs as well
as looking at mutual aid usage, it is unlikely that
neighboring municipalities will have the capacity to
adequately provide fire protection for the district
Conclusion
⚫Given the current fiscal problems faced by most
municipalities, finding cost savings is vitally important
⚫Most of the options considered are either not feasible
logistically or economically at this point
⚫Despite the need for an initial capital expenditure for
renovations and equipment, instilling a robust bunker
program affords the best and most feasible opportunity
for cost savings over time
⚫As the bunker system improves and volunteerism returns,
perhaps the City can return to utilizing the community and
saving even more expenses in the future
Questions?